Background: We used two principles of implicit learning, variability and complexity, to train mental orthographic representations in refugee English learners to improve spelling. Methods: Twenty‐eight refugees enrolled in a 10‐week English class were trained on classroom words using stimuli designed to encourage implicit learning. We contrasted high‐variability visual input combined with either high‐linguistic or low‐linguistic complexity, using a short (<5 minute) PowerPoint‐based training. Participants were regularly tested on their spelling and were compared with themselves using single subject design. Individual effect sizes were aggregated across participants, and we used dependent measures t‐tests to compare conditions. Results: Participants learned significantly more treated words than control words in the high‐variability/low‐complexity condition, but not in the high‐variability/high‐complexity condition. Conclusions: Refugees can benefit from interventions designed to promote implicit learning but can be overwhelmed by too much input.
Prevalence, determinants, and effects of food insecurity among Middle Eastern and North African migrants and refugees in high-income countries: A systematic review
Issues related to poverty and income inequality in high-income countries have led to food insecurity among some population groups, such as migrants and refugees. While there are some studies on the experience of some migrant groups (and other subpopulations), little is known about food security among Middle Eastern and African migrants and refugees. This systematic…